CHAMPIONS'SQUARE

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Tuesday 28 February 2017

Important points about the Interior Structure of the Earth

Important points about the Interior Structure of the Earth

In continuation to the Geography Notes which we provided earlier, today we will be covering a very Important Topic from the Geography Part of the General Knowledge section on the topic "Important points about the Interior Structure of the Earth". A good number of questions from this topic are asked from this topic in every exam. Thus, the post is very helpful for the upcoming SSC Exams 2017.
Earth has a diameter of about 12756 km at equator & about 12715 km at the poles. The Earth’s interior consists of rocks & metals & has 4 layers.
1. The Crust or the top layer of the earth.
It sustains life on the earth. It is made of igneous rocksmetamorphicrocks & sedimentary rocks. The crust is made of 2 layers—
(1) outer layer orsial which is made of silica & aluminum
(2)  inner layer or sima made of basalt & magnesium.
2. Mantle is the 2nd Layer of the earth made of silicate rocks rich in iron & magnesium. The mantle is divided into upper mantle and lower mantle.
Upper mantle consists of lithosphere & asthenosphere. Lithosphere is the hard rock layer of the mantle& the asthenosphere hemisphere is made of viscous yet solid rock.
  • Outer core – made of liquid iron & nickel.
  • Inner core- innermost & deepest Layers It is extremely hot with high pressure and this causes the contents of the inner core to remain solid.
Facts:-
  • The crust forms only 0.5 % of the volume of the Earth, 16% consists of the mantle & 83% makes up the core.
  • The radius of the Earth is 6371 km
  • Core is also called “nife” as it made of ni-nickle & fe-iron (ferrous)
  • The crust of the earth is made of various types of rocks (natural mass of mineral matter).
  • Rocks are of different colour, size, texture.
  • There are 3 major types of rocks
  1. Igneous
  2. Sedimentary
  3. Metamorphic
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Tricks to solve Time and Calendar

Short Tricks to solve Time and Calendar related questions in Reasoning SectionImage result for images of tricks

Reasoning is one of the most scoring sections in SSC Exams. But some topics are considered to be confusing by many of the aspirants. One such topic is “Time & Calendar”. In order to make the topic easy for all of you, here we are providing some Tricks to solve Time and Calendar Related Questions in Reasoning Section easily, accurately and in minimum time. We hope these tricks prove to be useful for you all.

Short Tricks to solve Time and Calendar related questions

Short Tricks to solve Time and Calendar related questions
Trick for solving questions where year is 2000 or more
  1. Consider the last 3 digit of the year. If it is less than 100, add 100 to it. For example- In year 2012, the last three digit is 012 which is less than 100 so add 100 to add and make it 112 (100+012). Once done, divide it by 4 and keep the result.
  2. Then use the code of the month from calender shown above. If the year is a leap year, consider the code for leap year.
  3. Then write the date.
  4. At the end, add all these data and find the result.
  5. To find the day, divide the result by 7. You will get some remainder.
  6. Match the code of remainder with above given code table and find the answer.
Trick for solving Questions where year is 1999 or less
  1. First of all, take the last two digit of year and divide it by 4. For example- In case of year 1985, divide 85 by 4 and keep the result for future use.
  2. Then use the code of the month from calendar shown above. If the year is a leap year, consider the code for leap year.
  3. Then write the date.
  4. At the end, add all these data and find the result.
  5. To find the day, divide the result by 7. You will get some remainder.
  6. Match the code of remainder with above given code table and find the answer.
Examples on above Tricks
Q1. What was the day on 31st Oct 1984?
(a) Friday              
(b) Sunday
(c) Wednesday    
(d) Monday
Sol- In 1984, divide 84/4 = 21
Code for Oct = 0 (Refer the above shown calendar for codes)
Mentioned Date= 31
Result = 84+21+0+31 =136
To find the day of week, divide the result by 7 and write the remainder = 136/7 = 3 (remainder)
3 is the code for Wednesday so the answer will be Wednesday.
Q2. What was the day on 27th Dec 1985?
(a) Friday                  
(b) Monday
(c) Tuesday                
(d) Sunday
Sol-  Here the year is 1985 so divide 85/4= 21
Code for Dec = 5
Mentioned Date= 27
Result = 85+21+5+27 =138
To find the day of week, divide the result by 7 and write the remainder = 138/7 = 5(remainder)
5 is the code for Friday so the answer will be Friday.
Q3. Find the day of the week on 26th Jan 2012? 
(a) Tuesday              
(b) Thursday
(c) Friday                
(d) Sunday
SolHere the year is 2012 so follow the second rule and consider the last 3 digit i.e 012. It is less than hundred so add 100 to it. After adding 100, it becomes 112. Now, divide it by 4. You will get 28. Also note that it is a leap year.
Code of Jan = 6 (due to leap year)
Mentioned Date= 26
Result = 112+28+6+26 = 172
To find the day of week, divide the result by 7 and write the remainder = 172/7= 4
4 is the code for Thursday so the answer will be Thursday.
We hope these tricks would have cleared all your doubts related to the topic.

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Important Temples of India

GK Notes: Important Temples of India

Dear Aspirants,
Today we are presenting an article on "Important Temples of India”. Must read this article to know about the significance & importance of the temples in India.
This article will help in your preparation for General Awareness section for upcoming exams like ssc exams.
IMPORTANT TEMPLES OF INDIA
Temple which is called “Mandira” in Sanskrit is a house of workship. Temples in India reflect the cultural glory and history of a place.
In India, temple is considered as a place where human spiritually connect with God. Temples are built on the principles of vastushastra, known as “Shilpa Shashtra”. It is a symbolic, miniature representation of the cosmos.

1. Amarnath Temple

Located at- Jammu and Kashmir
Discovered- 150 years ago.
Primary Deity-  Lord Shiva
Famous For- The temple is famous for lord Shiva’s Linga which is in the cave. The cave is situated at an altitude of 3,888 m  (12,756ft), about 141 km from Srinagar and one can reach through Pahalgam Town. The cave is covered with snow whole year except for a short period of time in summer when it is open for pilgrims.
amarnath-temple-photo
Yatra- The beginning of the annual pilgrimage, called Amarnath Yatra is marked by ‘pratham pujan’ to invoke the blessings of Shir Amarnathji. It is a popular yatra destination for Hindus. Pilgrims visit the holy place during the 45 days season around the festival of Shravani Mela in July- August.

2. Golden Temple

Located at – Amritsar, Punjab
Built in – Dec 1585 AD and completed in 1604
Primary Deity-  Sri Harmandir Sahibs
Founded in 1574 by the fourth Sikh Guru, Guru Ram Das, the fifth Guru, Guru Arjan designed the Harmandir Sahib to be built in the center of this holy tank.
Famous For- The gurudwara is surrounded by the large lake and it is believed that it consists Amrit and is fed by the Ravi River and by this name Amrit the city named “Amritsar”. There are four entrances to the gurudwara which signifies the importance of acceptance and openness of all the religions regardless of their colour, creed or gender. Maharaja Ranjit Singh was a major donor of wealth and materials for the shrine and he is the person who platted the Temple with Gold in 1830, hence it is called “Golden Temple”.
While visiting the temple, the devotees are requested to dress well in the temple, wearing head covering which is a sign of respect to the lord, Not wearing shoes. One should sit on the ground while in the Darbar Sahib as a sign of deference to both the Guru Granth Sahib and God.
Golden Temple Guard

3. Markandeshwar Temple

Located at- Shahbad Markanda, Dist- Kurukshetra, Haryana
Primary Diety- Lord Shiva and Markandeya
Built in- 12th Century AD
Famous for—The temple is said to be at the place where Markendeya worshiped at the time of his destined death at the tender age of 16 years. He wished to win over Lord Yama, the God of death and change his destiny. When Yama came to take his life, he clung to Shiva Linga and the noose fell over the Lingam. Lord Shiva appeared and pierced Yama with a trident and saved his devotee. And Shiva blessed Markandeya to live immortal life as Chiranjeev.
Markanedeshar
The temple is made of marble and has an exterior arch welcoming pilgrims. It has a Shiva Linga with Lord Shiva’s idol and young Markandeya in a prayerful posture. The walls of the temple depict a scene of Lord Shiva saving the child Markandeya from Yama, the Lord of death.
Pilgrims visit the temple in large numbers in the month of Shravan (July/August).

4. Mahabodhi Temple

Located at- Bodhgaya, Bihar
Discovered – 260 BC
Architect- Ashoka
Primary Deity- Lord Buddha
Famous For- Mahabodhi Temple is a Buddhist Stupa located at bodhgaya, 116km from Capital of Bihar, Patna. The temple is built in bricks and which is still survives today. The ground level of the temple is 45 meters square, stretching up in a pyramid shape that ends in a smaller square platform. The central tower of Mahabodhi stands 180 feet (54 meters) tall. The brickwork on the outside of the temple depicts scenes from the life of the Buddha.
Bodhi Tree- Immediately next to the Mahabodhi Temple is the Bodhi Tree, a descendent of the very tree under which the Buddha was enlightened, and the Jewel Walk, marking the place where the Buddha is said to have practiced walking meditation for seven days after his enlightenment.
In 2002, Mahabodhi Temple, located in Bodh Gaya, became a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

5. Birla Mandir

Located at- Jaipur, Rajasthan
Built in – Year 1988, by Birla Group of Industries.
Primary Deity- Lord Laxmi Narayan
Famous for-  Originally it is known as Lakshmi Narayan Temple and it is situated below the Moti Dungri Fort in Jaipur. It is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and Goddess Lakshmi. Built in pure white marble, it is built with modern approach. Inside the temple, Lord Vishnu and Goddess Lakshmi idols can be seen.
Temple represent architectural beauty as its delicate carving of Hindu symbols and ancient quotes from the Geeta and Upanishads ornaments the walls of the temple. Apart from religious idols, pictures and figures of several religious saints, philosophers and historical achievers, like Socrates, Buddha, Zarathustra and Confucius, are also included in the temple.
The best time to visit this temple is between the months of October to March. In this temple, 'Janmashtami', the birth anniversary of Lord Krishna, is celebrated with great enthusiasm.

6. Somnath Temple

Located at – Prabha patan near Vereval in Saurashtra, Gujarat
Opened – May 1951
Built by-  Shri. Vallabhbhai Patel (latest)
Primary Deity- Lord Shiva
Famous For- Meaning of Somnath is the protector of God Moon. Somnath Temple is also known as Prabhas Patan, Deo Pattan or Somnath temple and the Shrine Eternal. It is one of the 12 jyotirlinga Shrines of God Shiva.
It is believed that the temple is built by King Somraj, the moon god out of gold. It was rebuilt by Ravana in silver. Again Lord Krishna built in wood. The apex of temple rises to a height of 155 feet. There is a kalash (pot vessel) on the top, which measures 10 tons. The flag mast on this pinnacle is 37 feet long and is changed thrice during the day. The temple is situated at very extraordinary place there is no land in between Somnath Seashore to Antartica.
Somnath Temple was destroyed  many times by various rulers and kings. But few kings of Gujarat renovated this temple too many times. In 1947 Sardar vallabhbhai Patel renovated Somnath Temple.
Somnath is famous for its architechture, the present temple, kailash Mahameru Prasada is built in the chalukya style of temple architecture and reflects the inherent skill of Sompuras,Gujarat’s master masons.

7. Siddhivinayak Temple

Located at – Prabhadevi, Mumbai, Maharashtra
Year Built- November19, 1801, by professional contractor, late Mr. Laxman Vithu Patil
Primary Deity- Lord Ganesha
Famous For- Late Deubai Patil who was a rich lady of Agri Samaj from Matunga. Although she was rich but had no child. So she humbly request lord ganesha “Although I cannot have a child, let other ladies who are childless get the pleasure of child on visiting the temple and praying you”. Looking at the successful subsequent history of the temple, it appears like Ganesha nodded. Therefore, it is famous for “Navasacha Ganapati” in Marathi.The idol of Shree Shidhivinayak was carved out of a single black stone and 2’6 (750mm) and 2’ (600mm) wide with the trunk on the right. This is rather unusal appearance of Lord Ganesha. The upper right and left hands hold a lotus and an axe respectively, while the lower right and left hands hold a rosary (japmala) and bowl full of “Modak” respectively. On both sides of the Lord Ganesha Idol, idols of Riddhi and Siddhi goddesses who are appearing like peeping out from Ganesha Idol from behind.

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Wednesday 22 February 2017

Notification Of HSSC

HSSC 2017- 8554 Constable, ARO, Draftsman & Other Posts- Apply Here

Dear Aspirants, 
Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC) has invited applications for the recruitment of 5532 Male & Female Constable vacancies on direct recruitment basis. Candidates who are interested & eligible can apply these post. 
No. of Vacancies- 5532 (Male- 4500, Female- 1032) 
Education Qualification: Candidates should have completed 10+2 class of education from a recognized board and should have studied Hindi/Sanskrit upto Matric standard.
Age Limit: Candidates age limit should be between 18 – 25 years as on 01-02-2017. Age relaxation is applicable as per Haryana Govt. instructions.

Physical Screening Test (PST)

i) Male – 5 kilometre run in 25 minutes
ii) Female – 2.5 Run in 15 minutes
iii) Ex­Servicemen – 2.5 Run in 13 Minutes

Selection Process

Candidates will be selected based on

  • Physical Screening Test
  • Knowledge Test
  • Physical Measurement Test
  • Interview-cum-Personality Test.

How to Apply: 

Application fees should be paid through net Banking or can download the fees payment challan and pay the fees in any branches of State Bank of India, State Bank of Patiala, Punjab National Bank, IDBI Bank.
  • Male (General category) – Rs.100/
  • Female Candidates of Haryana – Rs.50/­

Important Dates:
  • Starting of HSSC Online application – 10-­02­-2017
  • Last date to submit Online application – 28-­02­-2017
  • Last Date for Offline fees payment – 02­-03-­2017
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Dear aspirants,
Here we are with our third module of English Master Series. Hope this will surely help you with your English Language preparation. Here in this Module we will study about  Tricks of Noun.
Image result for noun images
MODULE
TRICKS OF NOUN - 1
A Noun that denotes one person or thing, is said to be in the Singular Number.
Ex: Elf, Lass, Zoo.
A Noun that denotes more than one person or thing is said to be in the Plural Number.
Ex:  Elves, Lasses, Zoos.
COMPOUND NOUNS
Words can be combined to form compound nouns. These are very common, and new combinations are invented almost daily. They normally have two parts. The first part tells us what kind of object or person it is, or what its purpose is. The second part identifies the object or person in question. Compound nouns often have a meaning that is different, or more specific, than the two separate words.
Sometimes compound nouns are connected with a hyphen: dry-cleaning, daughter-in-law, and well-being are some examples of hyphenated compound nouns.
Questions asked in Competitive exams
1.Whenever he goes to Mumbai / he stays in/ five-stars hotels.
2.All his sister-in laws/ are extremely co-operative/ and she doesn’t miss her real sisters at all.
Sol:
1. Whenever he goes to Mumbai he stays in five-star hotels.
2. All his sisters-in law are extremely co-operative and she doesn’t miss her real sisters at all.
Elements of Compound Noun:
a) Noun + Nounbedroom, water tank, motorcycle, printer cartridge
Ex:
  • I love watching fireflies on warm summer nights.
  • While you’re at the store, please pick up some toothpaste, a six-pack of ginger ale, and some egg rolls.
b) Noun + Verbrainfall, haircut, train-spotting
Ex:
  • He always gets up before sunrise.
  • I really could use an updated hairstyle.
c) Noun + Adverb: hanger-on, passer-by
Ex:
  • It is no longer the merry, saucy hanger-on of the homestead, but is become the suspicious thief, shunning the gaze of man, and knowing that danger may lurk in every bush.
  • He turned his back on the towers; and sought distraction in the faces of the passers-by.
d) Verb + Nounwashing machine, driving licence, swimming pool
Ex:
  • Be sure to add bleach to the washing machine.
  • Let’s be sure to stay somewhere with a swimming pool.
e) Verb + Adverb: lookout, take-off, drawback
Ex:
  • The feds and PMF headquarters both issued a priority one lookout for her.
  • A layman's work may have the advantage of originality or the drawback of imperfect knowledge.
f) Adverb + Nounonlooker, bystander
Ex:
  • It is pleasant to contrast this neurotic joy of one onlooker with the matter-of-fact reflexions of another.
  • They might have considered her an innocent bystander in her relationship with Allen, but being on the sideline again would, at minimum, make them suspicious.
g) Adjective + Verbdry-cleaning, public speaking
Ex:
  • There is nothing less sleep-inducing than feeling like both your feet have dry-cleaning bags rubber-banded around them.
  • Why is public speaking useful for students?
h) Adjective + Noungreenhouse, software, redhead
Ex:
  • Let’s watch the full moon come up over the mountain.
  • Please erase the blackboard for me.
i) Adverb + Verboutput, overthrow, upturn, input
Ex:
  • Compassed the overthrow of the kingdom of Damascus, he also took Arpad, an important place three hours to the north of Aleppo.
  • The last word ended on the upturn, as if it were a question, not a statement.
RULES
1. Some nouns are the same in both their singular and plural forms.
Ex: So I can have one deer or two deer - or one sheep or two sheep. Or I might be hooked on one T.V. series or two T.V. series.
Note: Wages can be used in both singular and plural form:-
Wages: means Result in a singular form. Ex: Wages of hard work is sweet.
Wages: means Labour in a plural form. Ex: Wages are paid in cash.
2 .Certain Nouns exist in Plural forms only. Thus, “s” cannot be removed from such Nouns to make them singular. They take Plural verb with them.
Ex: tongs, savings, fangs, amends, embers, tactics,  archives, auspices, bellows, pliers, pincers, gallow, etc.
Ex:
  • The embers of the fire were still burning.
  • Where are the tongs?
Questions asked in Competitive exams
1. Two summons have been issued by the court/ but he has not/ yet appeared before the court.
2. Lasers are/ indispensable tools/ for the dedicate eyes surgery.
Sol:
1. Two summonses have been issued by the court but he has not yet appeared before the court.
2. Lasers are indispensable tools for the dedicate eye surgery.
3. A Hyphenated Compound Noun requires that you make the first, major noun plural.
For ex:
  • There are two runners-up in a beauty pageant (not runner-ups).
  • There might be a meeting for editors-in-chief (not in editor-in-chiefs).
4. Mumps, Measles, shingles, Linguistics, Summons, Economics, Rickets, News, Innings are certain Nouns that are plural in form but singular in meaning. They take singular verb.
Ex:
  • Ethics demand honesty.
  • Economics is an interesting subject.
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Articles

Tips on Usage of Correct Articles in English Grammar

Related image
It is very important to have an understanding of Article Usage in English Grammar, So here we are providing tips on usage of Article in English Language which will be helpful for upcoming SSC CHSL Tier I Exam 2016.
In English there are two types of articles:
(i)   The Indefinite Articles
(ii)  The Definite Article
The Indefinite Articles : A and An (Please note that ‘An’ is a variant of ‘A’.)
'A' and 'An' are to be used with Nouns that are singular.  Singular Nouns are, To simply put, we can put one, two, ... in front of them.
The Definite Article : The
1. The indefinite article ‘a’ is used before: 
(a) a word beginning with a letter having a consonant sound. 
 Examples:  a book, a man, a dinner.
(b) a word that begins with a letter (like O) with the sound like ‘wa’ 
 Examples: a one-rupee note, one-eyed man etc.
(c) a word beginning with ‘u’ or ‘eu’ giving the consonant of ‘yu’.
 Examples: a university, a European.
2. The indefinite article ‘an’ is used before:
(a) a word beginning with a letter like a, e, i, o, u having a vowel sound.
Examples:  an apple, an egg,  an umbrella, an idiot, etc.
(b) a word beginning with ‘h’ but the pronunciation starts with a vowel.
Examples: an heir, an hour, an honest man, etc.
(c) an abbreviation, the first letter of which is ‘M’ 
Examples: an M.L.A., an M.P., an M.Com an S.D.O and F.R.C.S., an X-mas gift etc.
3.Article "THE" is used in the following ways:
Rule:
  • Before the names of the historical  or public buildings:  the Taj Mahal, the Red Fort, the Rashtrapathi Bhavan, etc
  • Before the names of rivers: the Krishna, the Ganga, the Yamuna etc.
  • Before the names of seas: the Arabian Sea, the Red Sea etc.
  • Before the Oceans: the Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, etc.
  • Before the names of certain chains of Mountains: the Himalayas, the Alps, etc.
  • Before the names of deserts: the Sahara, the Thar, etc.
  • Before the names of newspapers, magazines etc: the Hindustan Times, , the Deccan Chronicle, etc.
  • Before groups of islands: the Andamans, the West Indies, etc.
Rule: The is used before certain adjectives to give a plural meaning.  The rich, The poor, The dead, The sick, she healthy, The deaf, The blind etc.
The rich = rich people
The poor = poor people
Examples:
Rich hate poor  (Incorrect)
The rich hate the poor  (correct)
Wise think before they speak  (Incorrect)
The wise think before they speak  (correct)
Rule:Before the names of certain countries (This is an exception): the Yemen, the Sudan, the Hague, etc
Rule:Before a noun when special emphasis is needed.
Example: This is the novel I am talking about.  (not any novel, but a particular novel)
Rule:  Before a common noun to give it the meaning of an abstract noun
Examples: At last the father in him prevailed and excused him.
Rule:  In special comparatives
Examples:
1. The more you earn, the more you spend
2. The more, the better
3. The higher you go, the cooler you feel.
Rule :  Before musical instruments.
Examples:  
Rajani can play piano very well  (Incorrect)
Rajani can play the piano very well.  (correct)
Rule: Before the names of certain countries each of which is a union of smaller units.
Examples: the U.S.A., the U.A.E., and U.S.S.R etc.
Rule:  Before north, south etc when these are used as nouns.
Examples: the north of India, the Middle East, the West Asia.
Rule:  Before some proper nouns consisting of adjectives and noun or noun + of + noun
Examples: the State Bank of India, the National Museum
Rule:  Before the names of political parties.
Example: the BJP, the Congress
Rule:  Before the dates of months.
Examples: the 23 October, 1949, the 15th August, 1947, etc.
Rule: Before ‘only’ and ordinal numbers, such first, second, millionth etc. and adjectives of number.
Examples:
1. All the students of  first year are invited.  (Incorrect)
All the students of the first year are invited  (correct)
2. Second example is not correct  (Incorrect)
The second example is not correct.  (correct)
3. He is only one in the class who got selected for Google.  (Incorrect)
He is the only one in the class who got selected for Google.  (correct)
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